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Ophthalmology deals with anatomy of the eye and attends to any dysfunction, disorder or disease of the same. It comprises of a comprehensive range in both medical therapy and surgical process for eye care; referred to as most intricate clinical practice.The one and only objective of ophthalmologic procedures are to restore vision.
Common symptoms
Early symptoms for almost all ophthalmologic problems marks excess secretion of lacrimal fluids (tears flowing without emotional outburst is a sure shot sign for some infection) often associated with optical problem such as blurred vision, gradual reduce in clarity of peripheral vision, rapid fluctuation in myopic or hypermetropicdioptre. It will also include a feel of persistent strain on the eyes even slight pain and sudden appearance of floaters at times.
Diagnosis
Besides checking on family and medical history for inherited eye problems such as retinal degeneration, optic atrophy, certain types of strabismus (ocular misalignment) and eye malformations; diagnostic test for identifying the ophthalmologic disorders includes:
• Corneal topography for mapping cornea through computer imaging n subsequent analysis.
• Use of keratometer to test structural degeneration of cornea for Keratoconous.
• Slit-lamp examination and fluorescein instillation for corneal abrasions.
• Optical coherence tomography (OCT) for finding macular hole in retina.
• Employing ophthalmoscope and ultrasound imaging to check retinal detachment.
Treatment procedures involves
• Trabeculectomy for glaucoma.
• Replacing intraocular lens for clear vision in cataract.
• Corneal Transplantation Surgery in severe keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy or post-surgical complications.
• Dacryocystorhinostomy in correcting naso-lacrimal duct dysfunctions.
• Vitrectomy in removal of vitrous humour tangled with intraocular lens or other structures.
• Laser photocoagulation aids in correcting small tearing of retinal that may chance in detachment whilePneumatic retinopexy and scleral buckle surgeryrecovers retinal detachments. However cryosurgery serves both.
• Ptosis for eye lid corrections when its drooping
• Lasik surgeries to correct optometric problems.
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